Management and Organization Essay -- Business, Scientific Management T

IntroductionThe counsel and organisational approaches that are apply by various firms play a circumstantial role in their performance. The adopted focusing approach is important callable to the fact that it determines the efficiency with which activities are performed. The organizational structure of the firm on the other hand determines the delegation and application of authority. The organizational structure is actual by the management. The structure facilitates effective interaction among employees and helps in directing resources towards achieving the goals of the organization. The fashion of employees is also influenced by the management and organizational approach (Mullins 3). Thus a firm will only be successful if it adopts the topper management and organizational approach. This paper will focus on analyzing two management approaches namely, scientific and bureaucratic theories of management.Scientific Management TheoryThis theory focuses on the analysis and synthesis o f workflows. Its main objective is to improve efficiency within an organization. In order to achieve this objective, the theory proposes that scientific principles should be used in designing processes and managing workers. This theory was developed by Fredrick Taylor in the mid-eighties and 1890s within the manufacturing industry (Cook and Hunsacker 34). The theory was highly influential in the 1910s as the best management style. However, by 1920s it began to lose its popularity as new management ideas and concepts emerged. The modern organizational approaches and management styles borrow the chase concepts from the scientific approach. The concepts include logic, efficiency, mass production, rationalization, work ethic and standardization of best practi... ...ty. Finally, the two approaches adopt a top-down system of making decisions. This convey that commands or directives are given by the top officials while the junior-grade employees are expected to obey. By contrasting the two approaches, the following differences stinker be identified. While the scientific approach focuses on improving apprehend productivity, the bureaucratic system puts more emphasis on administrative efficiency. The scientific approach encourages the introduction of incentive schemes in order to motivate workers. The bureaucratic approach on the other hand places emphasis on the rights of the workers in order to motivate the employees. Finally, the bureaucratic approach considers employment as a life-long career. The scientific approach on the other hand leads to job loses as knowledge is transferred from workers to workers and from worker to tools (Dean 29)